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Studies
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- Scientists
at the University of California grew barley, oats lettuce
and peas in an atmosphere drastically reduced in ionization
and found that growth was stunted and the plants diseased.
When the experiment was repeated in air carrying more than
double the normal number of negative ions, it produced
accelerated growth.
- In
Russia, scientists tried to raise small animals - mice,
rats, guinea pigs, rabbits - in air with no ions at all.
They all died within a few days.
- Dr
Felix Sulman, head of the Applied Pharmacology department at
Jerusalem University, conducted experiments with positive
and negative ions on a cross-section of people. (his
subjects were two groups of men and women between twenty and
sixty-five) When left for about an hour in a room that
contained an overdose of positive ions they became irritable
and fatigued. Yet the same people confined for the same
period of time, in air containing an overdose of negative
ions, showed a pattern of brainwaves that suggested
increased alertness and relaxation. He tested their
alertness and work capacity by various means. All of them
scored significantly higher, during and immediately after,
their exposure to increased levels of negative ions.
- Dr
Sulman also undertook a study of "weather
sensitive" volunteers and showed that, during the time
of the Sharav winds, their bodies would produce up to ten
times their normal level of serotonin - a hormone associated
with stress. He found that, in effect, they were being
poisoned by their own serotonin, causing migraines, hot
flushes, irritability, pains around the heart, difficulty in
breathing and a worsening of bronchial complaints, anxiety
and irrational tension. Also a slowing of reactions was
observed. Interestingly, it was discovered that in many
people, the body's initial response to positive ions is to
produce adrenaline and nor adrenaline - the "fight or
flight" hormones - which produces short-term euphoria
but eventually leads to a condition of exhaustion. (It is
this condition that is thought to affect insects and animals
into restless activity as the positive ions build up before
a storm.) The research also showed that exposure to positive
ions can trigger an over-production of histamine, which most
people will immediately recognize as the body chemical that
aggravates allergies. Statistically it was found that 25% of
the population are quite strongly affected by levels of ions
in the air. Of the remainder, 50% are affected considerably,
although 25% do not appear sensitive at all.
- A
great deal of research was also carried out by Dr. Albert
Krueger in California - One of his first discoveries was
that a surprisingly small amount of negative ions could kill
and take out of the air, the types of bacteria that cause
colds, influenza and respiratory infections. He then went on
to keep large groups of mice in various concentrations of
ions, some positive, some negative and some in normal
balance. In 1960 a scientific paper was published on the
results. The conclusions were almost identical to those of
Dr. Sulman. An excess of positive ions led to overproduction
of serotonin which initially created hyperactivity, leading
to exhaustion, anxiety and depression. He also found that an
excess of negative ions appeared to have a calming effect,
and a reducing of serotonin levels in the brain. (Negative
ions were actually substituted for a pharmaceutical tranquilizer
on one occasion - with identical results). The
series of experiments were then extended to include rats,
guinea pigs and rabbits as well as insects and plants. The
results consistently supported the original findings. On one
occasion, mice were kept in a sealed container until the
oxygen was almost used up and they were on the verge of
suffocation. The remaining air was negatively ionized - and
the mice revived!
- In a
major 16-week trial conducted by Surrey University at the
Norwich Union Insurance Group's headquarters, eight negative
ion generators were fitted in the computer and data
preparation section, the typing area and the motor
underwriting department. Before the tests got under way, the
University team spent a month compiling incidence rates of
complaints of sickness and headaches. The experiments were
"double- blind"-so that neither the staff nor the
researchers knew whether the ionizers were on or off at any
given time. The most dramatic results were in the
air-conditioned areas, the incidence of headaches in the
computer room being reduced by 78 per cent during the
midnight to 08.30 shift. Norwich Union was sufficiently
convinced to decide to keep the ionizers, and order another
ten ceiling-mounted models, giving them 20,000 sq ft of
ionized office space.
- Part
of Surrey University's experiments concerned concentration
ability and the studies showed that negative ionization
could improve task performance by as much as 28 per cent. In
general, the more difficult the task, the more improvement
could be accomplished by negative ions.
- At
the University of Pennsylvania's Graduate Hospital and at
Northeastern and Frankford hospitals in Philadelphia. Dr.
Kornblueh and his associates administered negative ion
treatments to hundreds of patients suffering from hay fever
or bronchial asthma. Of the total, 63 percent experienced
partial to total relief.
- Effective
Pain-Killer In Philadelphia Dr. Kornblueh studied brain-wave
patterns and found evidence that negative ions tranquilized persons in severe pain. Burn cases at Northeastern were
immediately put in a windowless, ion-conditioned room. In
ten minutes, usually, the pain was gone. Morphine,
customarily administered in such cases, was never necessary.
Patients were left in the room for 30 minutes, with the
treatment repeated three times every 14 hours. In 85 percent
of the cases no pain-deadening narcotics were needed.
Northeastern's Dr. Robert McGowan reported "Negative
ions make burns dry out faster and heal faster with less
scarring."
- Following
this success in burn therapy, Dr. Kornblueh, Dr. J.R.
Minehart, Northeastern's chief surgeon, and his associate
Dr. T.A. David tried negative ions in relief of deep,
post-operative pain. During an eight-month test period they
exposed 138 patients to negative ions on the first and
second days after surgery. Dr. Kornblueh announced the
results at a London congress of bioclimatologists: In 79
cases (57 per-cent of the total), negative ions eliminated
or drastically reduced pain.
- Experiments
by Dr. Albert P. Krueger and Dr. Richard F Smith at the
University of California have shown how ionization affects
those sensitive to air-borne allergens: Our bronchial tubes
and trachea, or windpipe, are lined with tiny hair filaments
called cilia. The cilia normally maintain a whip-like motion
of about 900 beats a minute. Together with mucus, they keep
our air passages free of dust and pollen. Krueger and Smith
exposed tracheal tissue to negative ions and found the
ciliary beat was speeded up to 12OO a minute and that mucus
flow was increased. Doses of positive ions produced the
opposite effect: The ciliary beat slowed to 6OO a minute or
less and the flow of mucus dropped.
- Dr's
Krueger and Smith also discovered that cigarette smoke slows
down the cilia, impairing their ability to clear foreign,
and possibly carcinogenic (cancer-inducing), substances from
the lungs. While positive ions worsened this condition,
negative ions were found to reverse the effects of the
smoke.
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